在2007年九月的美國國家癌症研究院期刊(Journal of the National Cancer Institute)中有一篇研究報告深入的分析討論蔬果的攝取對結腸癌的預防效果。由美國哈佛大學公共衛生學院Koushik博士所帶領的團隊,分析十四個歷年文獻 (包括七十五萬以上的調查樣本數,追蹤年限長達六到二十年),結果發現,整體結腸癌的罹患風險並沒有因為蔬果的攝取而顯著降低,但若細分不同類型的腸癌,蔬果的大量攝取可降低遠段結腸癌的罹患率,但是統計上並未有顯著性的意義,另外,不論男女皆呈現一致的趨勢。
原始論文: Koushik A, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, et al. Fruits, Vegetables, and Colon Cancer Risk in a Pooled Analysis of 14 Cohort Studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007; 99:1471-1483
響應 WHO 與國際電信聯盟(International Telecommunication Union)在 2019 年提出的安全聆聽設備標準[2],許多手機與耳機製造商已開始著手在軟硬體端導入 WHO 的聆聽標準,可由「設定」內的「聲音與觸覺回饋/音效與震動」或下載應用程式做設定,功能雖因廠牌有異,但多涵蓋下述項目:
Berglund, Birgitta, Lindvall, Thomas, Schwela, Dietrich H & World Health Organization. Occupational and Environmental Health Team. (1999). Guidelines for community noise, 35. Available at:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/66217
Kim, G., & Han, W. (2018). Sound pressure levels generated at risk volume steps of portable listening devices: types of smartphone and genres of music. BMC public health, 18(1), 481. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5399-4
Le, T. N., Straatman, L. V., Lea, J., & Westerberg, B. (2017). Current insights in noise-induced hearing loss: a literature review of the underlying mechanism, pathophysiology, asymmetry, and management options. Journal of otolaryngology – head & neck surgery, 46(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-017-0219-x
Wu, P. Z., O’Malley, J. T., de Gruttola, V., & Liberman, M. C. (2021). Primary Neural Degeneration in Noise-Exposed Human Cochleas: Correlations with Outer Hair Cell Loss and Word-Discrimination Scores. The Journal of neuroscience, 41(20), 4439–4447. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3238-20.2021
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S., & Stansfeld, S. (2014). Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. Lancet, 383(9925), 1325–1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X