文獻與人物:
Page, K. Journal of the American Medical Association, Jan. 2, 2013.
Purnell, J. Journal of the American Medical Association, Jan. 2, 2013.
Robert S. Sherwin, MD, professor of endocrinology and internal medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
Jonathan Purnell, MD, professor of medicine and endocrinology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Ore.
Rachel Begun, MS, RD, spokesperson, American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Yonkers, N.Y.
年齡、肥胖、家族史、更年期、顱顏結構變異(如:口咽氣道狹窄)、吸菸、喝酒皆會增加 OSA 之易感性(vulnerability)[4]。肥胖(尤其頸圍較大,即脖子較粗者)為 OSA 的重要風險因子,由於脂肪沉積於周邊結構,上呼吸道的解剖構造受影響,因而增加氣道塌陷的可能 [2]。在高收入國家,OSA 的盛行率有逐漸升高之趨勢。
如果要接受手術治療,應先確認其 OSA 是否為上呼吸道結構異常所導致,與醫師詳盡溝通,審慎考量手術之成功率與可能併發症再作決定。
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由於影響 OSA 的因素繁多,包括過重、睡眠習慣不佳、鼻塞、藥物的使用、酒精的攝取等。無論採取何種方式治療,都應同時考量這些疾病相關因子並適當介入,在治療 OSA 及改善睡眠品質上都將更有效益。
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