富含ω-3的食物。如:鮭魚,可提供孩子神經細胞發育所需的營養素。
credit: CC by barron@flickr
孩子的智商,可以經由一些後天的努力得到提升?根據紐約大學二○一三年一月發表在發表在《心理科學透視期刊》(Perspectives on Psychological Science)中的統合分析(Meta-analysis)結果顯示:補充ω-3及增加人際互動,都可提升孩子的智商(Intelligence Quotient,簡稱IQ)。
這次要介紹的羅徹斯特大學醫學中心(URMC)神經科學研究所(Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience)的成果就是其中之一,他們這次提出的新證據是與認知能力有關,而且他們的結論應該會讓人眼睛一亮,因為他們發現,母乳哺育的時間長短與 9-10 歲兒童的部分認知發展有關連,而且只要孩子有吃母乳一段時間就可以看出差異[1]。
Lopez, D. A., Foxe, J. J., Mao, Y., Thompson, W. K., Martin, H. J., & Freedman, E. G. (2021). Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated With Domain-Specific Improvements in Cognitive Performance in 9-10-Year-Old Children. Frontiers in public health, 9, 657422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.657422
Walfisch, A., Sermer, C., Cressman, A., & Koren, G. (2013). Breast milk and cognitive development–the role of confounders: a systematic review. BMJ open, 3(8), e003259. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003259
Natland ST, Andersen LF, Nilsen TI, Forsmo S, Jacobsen GW. Maternal recall of breastfeeding duration twenty years after delivery. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012 Nov 23;12:179. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-179. PMID: 23176436; PMCID: PMC3568415.
Shi, H., Yang, Y., Yin, X. et al. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months in China: a cross-sectional study. Int Breastfeed J 16, 40 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-021-00388-y