聽起來好像大腸桿菌是好房客,又會禦敵又能生產有用的養份。不過,大腸桿菌也能在環境裡居住,而且會在撿到致病基因後重新回到舒適的腸道老窩。這時就不好玩了,這些大腸桿菌不再安份當個房客,會進一步攻入人體組織。其中在腸道裡危害嚴重的有:產毒性大腸桿菌(enterotoxigenic E. coli)、致病性大腸桿菌(enteropathogenic E. coli)、侵入性大腸桿菌(enteroinvasive E. coli)、出血性大腸桿菌(enterohemorrhagic E. coli)等等。不只腸道,泌尿道致病性大腸桿菌(Uropathogenic E. coli)還會從尿道進攻,在又酸又毒的尿液裡逆流而上,甚至攻進腎臟。這些病原,每年奪走好多人的性命,光是死在產毒性大腸桿菌手上的人就有數十萬。殺人兇手無誤。
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