美國國防先進研究計劃局(DARPA)計劃發展每秒鐘可以執行10的18次方運算速度的超級電腦,DARPA於八月初宣佈將啟動普及高性能運算(Ubiquitous High Performance Computing, UHPC)計畫,以設計創新、革命性的新一代超級電腦系統,期能超越目前的電腦晶片進化設計途徑限制。
參予研發DARPA UHPC 原型系統的廠商包括Intel Corp., NVIDIA Corp. , MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories。
NVIDIA很快的公佈其研發夥伴,包含Cray、Oak Ridge National Labs 以及六所頂尖美國大學。Sandia的夥伴則包含Micron Technology Inc. 與LexisNexis Special Services Inc.,合作學校方面有 Louisiana State University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Notre Dame與University of Southern California。
Georgia Institute of Technology 則被要求建立上述研發結果的應用與效能基準指標評估團隊。
響應 WHO 與國際電信聯盟(International Telecommunication Union)在 2019 年提出的安全聆聽設備標準[2],許多手機與耳機製造商已開始著手在軟硬體端導入 WHO 的聆聽標準,可由「設定」內的「聲音與觸覺回饋/音效與震動」或下載應用程式做設定,功能雖因廠牌有異,但多涵蓋下述項目:
Berglund, Birgitta, Lindvall, Thomas, Schwela, Dietrich H & World Health Organization. Occupational and Environmental Health Team. (1999). Guidelines for community noise, 35. Available at:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/66217
Kim, G., & Han, W. (2018). Sound pressure levels generated at risk volume steps of portable listening devices: types of smartphone and genres of music. BMC public health, 18(1), 481. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5399-4
Le, T. N., Straatman, L. V., Lea, J., & Westerberg, B. (2017). Current insights in noise-induced hearing loss: a literature review of the underlying mechanism, pathophysiology, asymmetry, and management options. Journal of otolaryngology – head & neck surgery, 46(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-017-0219-x
Wu, P. Z., O’Malley, J. T., de Gruttola, V., & Liberman, M. C. (2021). Primary Neural Degeneration in Noise-Exposed Human Cochleas: Correlations with Outer Hair Cell Loss and Word-Discrimination Scores. The Journal of neuroscience, 41(20), 4439–4447. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3238-20.2021
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S., & Stansfeld, S. (2014). Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. Lancet, 383(9925), 1325–1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X