不過,有些病原實在是壞透了,你這輩子都不會想遇到它們然後生病! But there are some germs that are so bad that you don’t want to be sick with them ever!
遇到太糟糕的病原體,身體可是承受不了,該怎麼辦呢?
幸好我們有疫苗!疫苗可以幫忙免疫系統,壞病原就沒辦法讓你生病。 Luckily we have vaccines. Vaccines help your immune system stop those bad germs from getting you sick.
還好有疫苗,不用真的生病才有抗體。
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有時候,你在看醫生時就能接種疫苗。 Sometimes you get vaccines when you go to the doctor’s office.
大部分的疫苗都要靠打針喔。
疫苗會告訴你的免疫系統,壞病原長什麼樣子,這樣身體就能製造抗體,遇到壞病原時就不會生病! Vaccines show your immune system what really bad germs look like so your body can make antibodies without getting sick from that germ!
疫苗是我們身體免疫系統的最佳幫手!
科學家為了製造疫苗,可能會用到壞病原身上的一部分抗原。 To make vaccines, scientists may use antigen pieces from these really bad germs.
關於綠建築的標準,讓我們先回到 1990 年,當時英國建築研究機構(BRE)首次發布有關「建築研究發展環境評估工具(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method,BREEAM®)」,是世界上第一個建築永續評估方法。美國則在綠建築委員會成立後,於 1998 年推出「能源與環境設計領導認證」(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, LEED)這套評估系統,加速推動了全球綠建築行動。
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Pollard, A. J., Perrett, K. P., & Beverley, P. C. (2009). Maintaining protection against invasive bacteria with protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. Nature reviews. Immunology, 9(3), 213–220. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2494↩︎