自 1990 年 Sony 所開發之鋰電池問世以來,鋰電池製程不斷精進,能量密度從剛開始的 190 Wh/L 上升到今日的 650 Wh/L,幾乎成長了三倍,不過現在卻遇到了電池技術發展瓶頸,遲遲無法繼續提升密度。
然而,即便現在能提升量密度,跟著提高的危險性也不容忽視,尤其鋰電池一直擺脫不了燃燒爆炸的疑慮,像是兩年前的三星手機自燃風波,到現在仍讓人記憶深刻。而且不只手機,鋰電池也曾讓走在科技尖端的 Tesla 電動車起火燒毀,因此電池續航力提升的同時,也要確定電池安全無虞,否則光想著伴隨數倍能量而來的數倍爆炸威力,就讓人退避三舍。想做出新世代電池,必須同時改造電池的正極、負極、電解質材料才行。
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