在此之前(2021 年),紐約大學朗格尼醫學中心(NYU Langone Medical Center)曾將同系列豬隻的腎臟接到兩位已被判定腦死的病人身上,確認了豬腎可以在人身上運作,不但沒有發生排斥反應,而且代謝運作良好。相關研究人員曾進一步向美國 FDA 申請進行豬心的臨床試驗,但是遭到駁回。根據馬里蘭大學醫學中心移植小組外科醫師曼蘇爾.莫希丁(Muhammad Mohiuddin)的說法,團隊被要求先完成 10 次豬心移植到狒狒身上的實驗,才可以進一步進行人體試驗。以靈長類動物如狒狒作為移植模型,以瞭解潛在的副作用與改進之道,是這類研究常見的作法。2000 年國際心肺移植學會(ISHLT)曾提出綱要,認為接受移植的靈長類動物需有 60% 存活超過 3 個月,存活個體至少 10 隻,且顯然有機會繼續活下去,才能考慮進入臨床試驗。
然而,貝內特的特殊狀況讓此次的豬心移植成為可能。貝內特患有心律不整,無法外接機械式的心臟輔助裝置,加上有過不遵醫囑的醫療紀錄,使其獲准得到心臟的機會微乎極微 [註3]。而貝內特的心臟狀況若不移植就只能等死,因此 FDA 特別通過了本次的豬心使用。貝內特獲得的是死中求生的機會,而對研究人員來說,則是獲得了豬心在人類患者身上如何運作的臨床資料。
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