「我們發現 B 型肝炎病人的毛玻璃肝細胞(ground glass hepatocytes, GGH),若發生 preS2 突變,未來得到肝癌的機率也比較高」。
王慧菁笑著說,研究 B 肝完全是個意外。雖然家中沒有人得到這個疾病,但基於「科學家要做對大眾有益的事」的想法,進入成功大學微生物及免疫學研究所之後,王慧菁就跟著指導老師蘇益仁,在成大醫院的病理部實際觀察 B 肝病人的臨床病理檢驗。而「真實看到檢體」的經驗,也讓她的研究更貼近醫療現場,為患者著想。
被稱為國病的 B 型肝炎,其實是一種世界性疾病,只是較常見於亞洲、非洲、南歐、拉丁美洲等地。根據長年從事肝病研究的台大醫學院名譽教授許金川,從民國 85 年到 94 年、針對全國各縣市十六萬民眾的流行病學調查研究指出,民國 96 年時,台灣大約有 17.3% 的 B 肝帶原者(約 300 萬人),比例不算太低。由於過去研究已經證實,B 肝帶原者肝炎若持續發作,有 15~20% 會發展成肝硬化,最後導致肝癌,罹癌機率比非帶原者高上數十倍。
B型肝炎是一種世界性疾病,只是較常見於亞洲、非洲、南歐、拉丁美洲等地。圖/By below – CDC Travelers’ Health: Yellow Book Chapter 4 – Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases: Hepatitis, Viral, Type B map based on http://i33.tinypic.com/mh37sx.png, CC BY-SA 3.0, wikipedia.
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