過去已經知道,家鼠(house mouse,Mus musculus)會找自己的兄弟姊妹一起做窩,這樣有事可以大家互相照應。但即使是一出生沒多久就分開的家鼠,還是有辦法在一群老鼠中找到自己的兄弟姊妹,這是怎麼做到的呢?
最近利物浦大學的研究團隊,發現原來家鼠是透過一個稱為「主要尿蛋白」(major urinary protein,MUP)的蛋白質,來辨認出自己得兄弟姊妹。這個蛋白質出現在家鼠的體味裡面,所以雌鼠可以經過嗅覺辨認出眼前的這位小姐(太太?)是不是自己失散多年的姊妹。
這個發現,推翻了原先以為親屬辨認是源於主要組織相容性複合物(major histocompatibility complex)的假說。但是這個機制是否適用於所有的哺乳動物呢?研究團隊說還需要進一步的試驗。畢竟,不是所有的哺乳類都有MUP的。
本文轉載自慈大生科 Sci Cafe
參考文獻:Jane Hurst et al. The Genetic Basis of Kin Recognition in a Cooperatively Breeding Mammal. Current Biology, September 2015 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.045
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