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一派科學家認為可以解釋。《Trends in Cognitive Sciences》2011 年的一篇報告是典型的代表,光看標題就非常的立場鮮明:「瀕死經驗不存在任何超自然現象」(There is nothing paranormal about near-death experiences.),研究者強烈主張瀕死經驗全部都有神經生理學或心理學的基礎,這和我們一開始提到「桶中之腦」的概念是吻合的。
他們提出一些例子,比如說飛行員在高 G 力狀態下,因為頭部供血不足,導致眼睛視野的四邊變暗,留下中央一塊視野,像是看進隧道的感覺。腦部分泌的一些荷爾蒙,例如正腎上腺素(noradrenaline),也能引發積極情緒、幻覺和瀕死體驗的部分特徵。
覺得自己飄浮在身體上空的靈魂出竅體驗,他們認為也可以用特定腦區的電訊號活動來解釋。這牽涉到腦部的 REM 活動,REM 全名是快速動眼期(rapid eye movement),是睡眠的一個階段,在這個階段大腦像清醒時一樣活躍、眼球快速轉動,會製造出栩栩如生的夢境。由 REM 過渡到醒覺時,有些人可能看到或聽到不存在的東西,或覺得自己已經醒了但是沒辦法移動身體,也就是俗稱的鬼壓床。
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