關於綠建築的標準,讓我們先回到 1990 年,當時英國建築研究機構(BRE)首次發布有關「建築研究發展環境評估工具(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method,BREEAM®)」,是世界上第一個建築永續評估方法。美國則在綠建築委員會成立後,於 1998 年推出「能源與環境設計領導認證」(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, LEED)這套評估系統,加速推動了全球綠建築行動。
太空船在穹界因時間停頓而變得靜止不動這一情況在阿爾迪斯一九七六年寫的《夜裡的黑暗靈魂》(The Dark Soul of the Night)中,亦有頗為形象的描寫。恆星的引力崩塌,在羅伯特.史弗堡(Robert Silverberg)的《前往黑暗之星》(To the Dark Star, 1968)之中卻帶來另一種(雖然是假想的)危險。故事中的主人翁透過遙感裝置「親身」體驗一顆恆星引力塌陷的過程,卻發覺時空的扭曲原來可以使人的精神陷於瘋狂甚至崩潰的境地。
七○年代末的黑洞熱潮,令迪士尼(Walt Disney)的第一部科幻電影製作亦以此為題材。在一九七九年攝製的電影《黑洞》(The Black Hole)之中,太空船「帕魯明諾號」在一次意外中迷航,卻無意中發現了失蹤已久的「天鵝號」太空船。由於「天鵝號」環繞著一個黑洞運行,船上的人因時間延長效應而衰老得很慢。這艘船的船長是一個憤世疾俗的怪人,他的失蹤其實是故意遠離塵世。最後,他情願把船撞向黑洞也不願重返文明。
比起史提芬.史匹堡(Steven Spielberg, 1946-)的科幻電影,這部《黑洞》雖然投資浩大,拍來卻是平淡乏味,成績頗為令人失望。除了電影外,科幻作家艾倫.迪安.霍斯特(Alan Dean Foster, 1946-)亦根據劇本寫成的一本同名的小說。
I have been a massive fan of Frank Herbert’s Dune since childhood due to the fantastical world he first envisioned many decades ago, to be able to look at it as a scientist was a fantastic experience and brought back that childhood wonder. So, I hope this work equally inspires others to learn about how our climate works, how we should not take our planet for granted and maybe even inspires the next generation of climate scientists.
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