「Despacito~Quiero respirar tu cuello despacito~」聽到這段旋律,你是不是也開始不由自主地跟著搖擺了呢?跟著音樂一起流動實在是再自然不過的事了,不過,假設你完全聽不到這些動感「音樂」,它還能發揮同樣的效果嗎?
科學家也想知道這個問題的答案,於是乎,他們把實驗室搬到舞池啦!
超酷的實驗,就要在超酷的表演廳進行!
沒錯!最近發表在《當代生物學》(Current Biology)期刊上的研究就是這麼嗨!這份研究的第一作者是來自麥克馬斯特大學(McMaster University)的神經科學家 Daniel Cameron,他本身就是個音樂愛好者,除了會打鼓外,研究的主要方向也離不開音樂,總是在探索音樂和人類間的互動關係。
Simner, J., Mulvenna, C., Sagiv, N., Tsakanikos, E., Witherby, S. A., Fraser, C., Scott, K., & Ward, J. (2006). Synaesthesia: The prevalence of atypical cross-modal experiences. Perception, 35(8), 1024–1033. https://doi.org/10.1068/p5469
Bankieris, K., & Simner, J. (2015). What is the link between synaesthesia and sound symbolism? Cognition, 136, 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2014.11.013
Freeman, E. D. (2020). Hearing what you see: Distinct excitatory and disinhibitory mechanisms contribute to visually-evoked auditory sensations. Cortex, 131, 66–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.06.014
BBC. (2014, September 17). Science & Nature – Horizon. BBC.
Eagleman, D. (2023, September 6). Wednesday is Indigo Blue. David Eagleman. https://eagleman.com/books/wednesday-is-indigo-blue/
Eagleman, D. M., Kagan, A. D., Nelson, S. S., Sagaram, D., & Sarma, A. K. (2007). A standardized test battery for the study of Synesthesia. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 159(1), 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.07.012
Ramachandran, V. S., & Hubbard, E. M. (2001). Synaesthesia–a window into perception, thought and language. Journal of consciousness studies, 8(12), 3-34.
Ozturk, O., Krehm, M., & Vouloumanos, A. (2013). Sound symbolism in infancy: Evidence for sound–shape cross-modal correspondences in 4-month-olds. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 114(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.05.004
Styles, S. J., & Gawne, L. (2017). When does Maluma/takete fail? Two key failures and a meta-analysis suggest that phonology and phonotactics matter. I-Perception, 8(4), 204166951772480. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669517724807
Ćwiek, A., Fuchs, S., Draxler, C., Asu, E. L., Dediu, D., Hiovain, K., Kawahara, S., Koutalidis, S., Krifka, M., Lippus, P., Lupyan, G., Oh, G. E., Paul, J., Petrone, C., Ridouane, R., Reiter, S., Schümchen, N., Szalontai, Á., Ünal-Logacev, Ö., Winter, B. (2021). The bouba/kiki effect is robust across cultures and writing systems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 377(1841). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0390
Barton, D. N., & Halberstadt, J. (2017). A Social Bouba/Kiki Effect: A bias for people whose names match their faces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 1013–1020. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1304-x
Sidhu, D. M., Pexman, P. M., & Saint-Aubin, J. (2016). From the bob/kirk effect to the Benoit/éric effect: Testing the mechanism of name sound symbolism in two languages. Acta Psychologica, 169, 88–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.05.011
BBC. (2021, July 29). Rick Astley rolls into a billion YouTube views. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-58011677
BBC. (2018, September 10). Rick Astley on the Rickroll meme that made him an online legend. BBC Scotland. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/5D3ZmWf1hJmCxCc5Vn0sS64/rick-astley-on-the-rickroll-meme-that-made-him-an-online-legend
Jones, R. (2021)。跨感官心理學:解鎖行為背後的知覺密碼,改變他人、提升表現的生活處方箋 (陳松筠譯)。商周出版。
可是海上的風就是比陸地上強上好幾倍,這麼香的風力來源怎麼能放著不用呢?來自挪威的公司 World Wide Wind 提出了一種浮標式風電機組,省去了海底工程的麻煩。這種風電機組採用垂直軸的設計,這樣機組就不會被海風吹著跑。整個裝置可以靠著海面下的配重平衡地直立在海面上,除了電纜之外不須要任何固定措施。這大大地擴展了離岸風電的發展空間。許多最佳的風場位在離岸較遠的深海區域,我們沒辦法在這些海床上豎立巨大的水平軸風車,這時候就可以透過漂浮式構造來擴張風電的勢力範圍。