在一對染色體中相對位置上的基因,就像並排的兩列火車,A 火車第三節車廂與 B 火車第三節車廂位置是一樣的,他們之間的關係也是決定基因表現的原因之一。這兩個基因便是大家聽過「等位基因」。它們造成的結果一如生物課本上大家都看過的例子:只考慮遺傳因素的情況下,若紅花是顯性基因,白花是隱性基因,且這個性狀是半顯性遺傳,那同時有顯性跟隱性基因的植物就會開出粉紅色的花。
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