Bundy, A. C., Lane, S., & Murray, E. A. (2002). Sensory integration: Theory and practice (pp. 276-278). Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis.
Yates, B. J., Miller, A. D., & Lucot, J. B. (1998). Physiological basis and pharmacology of motion sickness: an update. Brain research bulletin, 47(5), 395-406.
在長途旅行乘坐巴士時,置物籃通常放有塑膠袋,相信大家心裡都清楚這些袋子不是裝垃圾用的,而是防止乘客在車程中突然腸胃翻攪,吐的滿車都是。動暈症最常出現的症狀就是嘔吐,而這個反應跟腦幹的反射與神經失配訊號傳遞相關。前庭核、視網膜後區域、胃腸道等地方傳遞的訊息會匯聚在腦幹的孤束核(Nucleus of the solitary tract, NTS),孤束核接受不同刺激例如血液中毒素、感覺衝突或腸胃道症狀,並活化腦幹鄰近區域,最終導致嘔吐。組織胺(histamine)、乙醯膽鹼(acetylcholine)和去甲腎上腺素(noradrenaline)是動暈症神經傳導過程的三種重要神經遞物。研究發現暈車時,腦中的組織胺濃度會升高,組織胺 H1 受體更被發現跟誘發嘔吐密切相關。在被動運動的刺激下,神經失配訊息會刺激下丘腦中的組織胺神經系統,並且刺激腦幹嘔吐中心的 H1 受體。
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Bundy, A. C., Lane, S., & Murray, E. A. (2002). Sensory integration: Theory and practice (pp. 276-278). Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis.
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Bundy, A. C., Lane, S., & Murray, E. A. (2002). Sensory integration: Theory and practice (pp. 276-278). Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis.
Yates, B. J., Miller, A. D., & Lucot, J. B. (1998). Physiological basis and pharmacology of motion sickness: an update. Brain research bulletin, 47(5), 395-406.