最可疑的是當天在場的俱樂部成員尼可斯(Herbert Bishop Nichols),他也是基督科學箴言報(The Christian Science Monitor)的科學編輯。可考的記錄中,他第一個對外提出相關描述,後來被視為吃猛獁象的證據。
海龜湯的幾位相關人猿。(A) 據說將食材從北極帶回的極區探險家 Father Bernard Rosecrans Hubbard。(B) 極區探險家 George Francis Kosco。(C) 晚宴主辦人 Wendell Phillips Dodge。(D) 保存樣本的 Paul Griswold Howes。圖/取自 參考資料3
目前學界常見的其他分析方法,包括氣相色譜—質譜聯用分析法(GC-MS)、傅里葉轉換紅外光譜分析法(FTIR)、核磁共振法(NMR)以及 X 射線螢光光譜法(XRF);然而,如學者所指出,這些方法或需進行化學預先處理、或易受不同因素干擾、或無法進行物相分析等。因此,非侵入式、高效的拉曼光譜(Raman Spectra),成為受到重視的分析方法。[7]
[6] Anton Alexander Benedetti-Pichler, “Microchemical Analysis of Pigments Used in the Fossae of Incisions of Chinese Oracle Bones,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 9, no. 3 (March 1937): 149-152. 同年,白瑞華(Roswell S. Britton)發表文章介紹前者的研究成果,並據此認為甲骨塗朱的顏料即為硃砂。見 Roswell S. Britton, “Oracle-Bone Color Pigments,” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 2, no. 1 (March 1937): 1-3.
[9] 柯維盈、林百尉、劉致慧、黃銘崇、陳光宇,〈甲骨刻辭之塗色及其意義——以 YH127 坑為例〉,收入《第二十一屆中區文字學學術研討會論文集》(臺中:逢甲大學中文系,2019 年),頁 1-48;陳光宇、劉致慧、柯維盈、林百尉、黃銘崇,〈甲骨刻辭塗色的拉曼光譜分析〉,收入宋鎮豪主編,《甲骨文與殷商史》新十輯(上海:上海古籍出版社,2020),頁 458-474;陳光宇、劉致慧、何毓靈、柯維盈、黃銘崇,〈殷墟出土甲骨、文物、棺土的拉曼光譜分析〉,《古今論衡》,37 期 (2021.12),頁 73-89;Jhih-huei Liu, Weiying Ke, Ming-chorng Hwang, Kuang Yu Chen, “Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Shang Oracle Bone Inscriptions,” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 37 (2021), doi:102910. Available at ScienceDirect.com: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102910. Jhih-huei Liu, Yuling He, Weiying Ke, Ming-chorng Hwang, Kuang Yu Chen, “Cinnabar Use in Anyang of Bronze Age China: Study with Micro-raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Fluorescence,” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 43 (2022), doi:103460. Available at ScienceDirect.com: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103460.
原文研究: “The The The The Induction of Jamais Vu in the Laboratory: Word Alienation and Semantic Satiation,” Chris J. A. Moulin, Nicole Bell, Merita Turunen, Arina Baharin, and Akira R. O’Connor, Memory, vol. 29, no. 7, 2021, pp. 933-942. doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519
原文研究:“Necrobotics: Biotic Materials as Ready-to-Use Actuators,” Te Faye Yap, Zhen Liu, Anoop Rajappan, Trevor J. Shimokusu, and Daniel J. Preston, Advanced Science, vol. 9, no. 29, 2022, article 2201174. doi.org/10.1002/advs.202201174
“A Mountable Toilet System for Personalized Health Monitoring via the Analysis of Excreta,” Seung-min Park, Daeyoun D. Won, Brian J. Lee, Diego Escobedo, Andre Esteva, Amin Aalipour, T. Jessie Ge, et al., Nature Biomedical Engineering, vol. 4, no. 6, 2020, pp. 624-635. doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-0534-9
“Digital Biomarkers in Human Excreta,” Seung-min Park, T. Jessie Ge, Daeyoun D. Won, Jong Kyun Lee, and Joseph C. Liao, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol. 18, no. 8, 2021, pp. 521-522. doi.org/10.1038/s41575-021-00462-0
“Smart Toilets for Monitoring COVID-19 Surges: Passive Diagnostics and Public Health,” T. Jessie Ge, Carmel T. Chan, Brian J. Lee, Joseph C. Liao, and Seung-min Park, NPJ Digital Medicine, vol. 5, no. 1, 2022, article 39. doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00582-0
“Passive Monitoring by Smart Toilets for Precision Health,” T. Jessie Ge, Vasiliki Nataly Rahimzadeh, Kevin Mintz, Walter G. Park, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Joseph C. Liao, and Seung-min Park, Science Translational Medicine, vol. 15, no. 681, 2023, article eabk3489. doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abk3489
研究對象以西班牙語為母語,他們能在對話中輕鬆地將 banana 念成 ananab,或是將「 basket is fun」念成「nuf si teksab」。研究著重在這兩位有著特殊能力的人,推理、記憶能力是否優於常人,以及大腦灰質、白質比例與一般人(對照組)是否有差別。
大腦如何組織語言一直都是個有趣的研究題目,像是為什麼中文的序順不會響影到閱讀,這也是 A 編跟大家都一樣好奇的。而了解大腦語言是如何形成的,也能推進對於失語症、癡呆症的症狀研究。
原文研究:“Neurocognitive Signatures of Phonemic Sequencing in Expert Backward Speakers,” María José Torres-Prioris, Diana López-Barroso, Estela Càmara, Sol Fittipaldi, Lucas Sedeño, Agustín Ibáñez, Marcelo L. Berthier, and Adolfo M. García, Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 10621, 2020. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67551-z
原文研究:“The Quantification and Measurement of Nasal Hairs in a Cadaveric Population,” Christine Pham, Bobak Hedayati, Kiana Hashemi, Ella Csuka, Margit Juhasz, and Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska, Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, vol. 83, no. 6, 2020, pp. AB202-AB202. doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.902
原文研究:“Augmented Gustation Using Electricity,” Hiromi Nakamura and Homei Miyashita, Proceedings of the 2nd Augmented Human International Conference, March 2011, article 34. doi.org/10.1145/1959826.1959860
“Boredom Begets Boredom: An Experience Sampling Study on the Impact of Teacher Boredom on Student Boredom and Motivation,” Katy Y.Y. Tam, Cyanea Y. S. Poon, Victoria K.Y. Hui, Christy Y. F. Wong, Vivian W.Y. Kwong, Gigi W.C. Yuen, Christian S. Chan, British Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 90, no. S1, June 2020, pp. 124-137. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31342514/
“Whatever Will Bore, Will Bore: The Mere Anticipation of Boredom Exacerbates its Occurrence in Lectures,” Katy Y.Y. Tam, Wijnand A.P. Van Tilburg, Christian S. Chan, British Journal of Educational Psychology, epub 2022. doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12549
原文研究:“Note on the Drawing Power of Crowds of Different Size,” Stanley Milgram, Leonard Bickman, and Lawrence Berkowitz, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 13, no. 2, 1969, pp. 79-82. psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/h0028070
原文研究: “Intense Upper Ocean Mixing Due to Large Aggregations of Spawning Fish,” Bieito Fernández Castro, Marian Peña, Enrique Nogueira, Miguel Gilcoto, Esperanza Broullón, Antonio Comesaña, Damien Bouffard, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, and Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, Nature Geoscience, vol. 15, 2022, pp. 287–292. doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-00916-3