1961年4月11日,第二次世界大戰結束後的16年,在以色列的耶路撒冷庭中,舉行著全球注目的納粹戰犯審判。被告人阿道夫‧艾希曼(Otto Adolf Eichmann)被困在玻璃製的審判區,後方有警察隨行,玻璃外也有警察區隔,這麼慎重的將他與法官、目擊證人、受害者區隔,全是因為他使用慘烈的手法消滅猶太人。
華藝﹝airiti﹞成立於西元2000年,以art為主軸、Image Index on the Internet為起點,之後並跨足學術領域,陸續建構期刊、論文、電子書、電子商務書店等產品;秉持「創新華文知識服務」的精神,華藝至今已服務全球數萬個學術機構及研究者,成為台灣首次且唯一躋身國際資料庫的專業平台。華藝關心任何領域的學術發展,為任何一位需要獲得最佳資訊的使用者,以專業、人性、國際的精神,提供最有價值的知識服務。
裸蓋菇素的研究引起了美國中央情報局 CIA 的注意,不過不是因為什麼違法亂紀的問題,而是他們⋯⋯也想「瞭解更多」!1950年代 CIA 有項名為 MK-Ultra 2 的精神控制計畫,希望找到一些可以作為吐真劑、審訊和行為操縱工具的潛力藥物。他們的實驗藥物包括裸蓋菇素、迷幻藥 LSD、嗎啡、海洛因、一種萃取自仙人掌的致幻劑麥斯卡林等,並在監獄、醫院、學校,甚至從巧立名目的慈善基金會裡招募試驗對象。3
Single-dose psilocybin for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case report – PMC (nih.gov)↩︎
Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial – eClinicalMedicine (thelancet.com)↩︎
Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial | Substance Use and Addiction Medicine | JAMA Psychiatry | JAMA Network↩︎
Long-term Follow-up of Psilocybin-facilitated Smoking Cessation – PMC (nih.gov)↩︎
Frontiers | Persisting Reductions in Cannabis, Opioid, and Stimulant Misuse After Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: An Online Survey (frontiersin.org)↩︎
Halpern, D. L., Blake, R., & Hillenbrand, J. (1986). Psychoacoustics of a chilling sound. Perception & Psychophysics, 39, 77-80.
Kumar, S., Forster, H. M., Bailey, P., & Griffiths, T. D. (2008). Mapping unpleasantness of sounds to their auditory representation. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 124(6), 3810-3817.
Ro, T., Ellmore, T. M., & Beauchamp, M. S. (2013). A neural link between feeling and hearing. Cerebral cortex, 23(7), 1724-1730.
Koenig, L., & Ro, T. (2022). Sound Frequency Predicts the Bodily Location of Auditory-Induced Tactile Sensations in Synesthetic and Ordinary Perception. bioRxiv.
Lad, D., Wilkins, A., Johnstone, E., Vuong, Q.C. (2022). Feeling the music: The feel and sound of songs attenuate pain. British Journal of Pain, 16(5), 518-527.
Zald, D. H., & Pardo, J. V. (2002). The neural correlates of aversive auditory stimulation. Neuroimage, 16(3), 746-753.
LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Emotion circuits in the brain. Annual review of neuroscience, 23(1), 155-184.
Kumar, S., von Kriegstein, K., Friston, K., & Griffiths, T. D. (2012). Features versus feelings: dissociable representations of the acoustic features and valence of aversive sounds. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(41), 14184-14192.
Greyson, B. (2000). Near-death experiences. In E. Cardeña, S. J. Lynn, & S. Krippner (Eds.), Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence (pp. 315–352). American Psychological Association.
Chawla, L. S., Akst, S., Junker, C., Jacobs, B., and Seneff, M. G. (2009). Surges of electroencephalogram activity at the time of death: a case series. J. Palliat. Med. 12, 1095–1100. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2009.0159
Borjigin, J., Lee, U. C., Liu, T., Pal, D., Huff, S., Klarr, D., et al. (2013). Surge of neurophysiological coherence and connectivity in the dying brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, 14432–14437. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1308285110
Vicente R, Rizzuto M, Sarica C, Yamamoto K, Sadr M, Khajuria T, Fatehi M, Moien-Afshari F, Haw CS, Llinas RR, Lozano AM, Neimat JS and Zemmar A (2022) Enhanced Interplay of Neuronal Coherence and Coupling in the Dying Human Brain. Front. Aging Neurosci. 14:813531. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.813531
Xu G, Mihaylova T, Li D, Tian F, Farrehi PM, Parent JM, Mashour GA, Wang MM, Borjigin J. Surge of neurophysiological coupling and connectivity of gamma oscillations in the dying human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 May 9;120(19):e2216268120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2216268120.