裸蓋菇素的研究引起了美國中央情報局 CIA 的注意,不過不是因為什麼違法亂紀的問題,而是他們⋯⋯也想「瞭解更多」!1950年代 CIA 有項名為 MK-Ultra 2 的精神控制計畫,希望找到一些可以作為吐真劑、審訊和行為操縱工具的潛力藥物。他們的實驗藥物包括裸蓋菇素、迷幻藥 LSD、嗎啡、海洛因、一種萃取自仙人掌的致幻劑麥斯卡林等,並在監獄、醫院、學校,甚至從巧立名目的慈善基金會裡招募試驗對象。3
Single-dose psilocybin for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case report – PMC (nih.gov)↩︎
Single-dose psilocybin-assisted therapy in major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial – eClinicalMedicine (thelancet.com)↩︎
Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial | Substance Use and Addiction Medicine | JAMA Psychiatry | JAMA Network↩︎
Long-term Follow-up of Psilocybin-facilitated Smoking Cessation – PMC (nih.gov)↩︎
Frontiers | Persisting Reductions in Cannabis, Opioid, and Stimulant Misuse After Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: An Online Survey (frontiersin.org)↩︎
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動物的視覺敏銳度以單位視角週期數(cycles per degree)為測量單位——這個概念剛好可以用剛剛的斑馬條紋來做例子。各位伸出手臂並豎起大拇指,你的指甲大約可以代表一單位視角;以你的手臂為距並涵蓋四周三百六十度的距離範圍來說,各位應該可以在指甲上畫了六十至七十條黑白條紋的情況下,依然辨識得出黑白條紋之間的區別。因此人類視覺敏銳度的單位視角週期數便約為六十至七十;目前的最高紀錄是來自澳洲的楔尾鵰(Aquila audax),牠們的視覺敏銳度之高,單位視角週期數高達一百三十八。